College Students' Understanding of Digital Economic Crimes: A Study on Perceptions and Challenges in Law Enforcement
Abstract Digital economic crimes pose a significant challenge in the rapidly evolving technological era, particularly for younger generations actively engaged in digital activities. This study aims to explore students’ understanding of digital economic crimes, the challenges in law enforcement, and their critiques of existing regulations. The research adopts a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach, involving 10 students from the Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, majoring in Sharia Financial Management, as informants. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted in two sessions of 20 minutes each. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key themes. The findings reveal that while students are aware of digital risks, such as online fraud and identity theft, their preventive measures remain limited. Informants also identified challenges in law enforcement, including the technological gap between offenders and law enforcement agencies, lack of inter-agency coordination, and inadequate technological training for law enforcement personnel. Moreover, existing regulations, such as the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE), are deemed insufficient in addressing the complexities of digital economic crimes. This study highlights the importance of enhancing digital literacy among students, reforming regulations to better adapt to technological advancements, and improving technological capacity and inter-agency coordination in law enforcement to establish a safer digital ecosystem.
Downloads
References
Atkinson, R. D., & McKay, A. S. (2011). Digital Prosperity: Understanding the Economic Benefits of the Information Technology Revolution. SSRN Electronic Journal, (March). doi: 10.2139/ssrn.1004516
Browning, M., & Arrigo, B. (2021). Stop and Risk: Policing, Data, and the Digital Age of Discrimination. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 46(2), 298–316. doi: 10.1007/s12103-020-09557-x
Chibuye, M., Phiri, J., & Lampi, E. (2023). he Readiness, Risks and Mitigation Measures of Quantum Supremacy to Current Digital Security Measures and Infrastructure. Proceedings of International …, 153–158. Retrieved from https://ictjournal.icict.org.zm/index.php/icict/article/view/294%0Ahttps://ictjournal.icict.org.zm/index.php/icict/article/download/294/148
Clarke, R. (2019). Risks inherent in the digital surveillance economy: A research agenda. Journal of Information Technology, 34(1), 59–80. doi: 10.1177/0268396218815559
Cloramidine, F., & Badaruddin, M. (2023). Mengukur Keamanan Siber Indonesia Melalui Indikator Pilar Kerjasama Dalam Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI). Populis : Jurnal Sosial Dan Humaniora, 8(1), 57–73. doi: 10.47313/pjsh.v8i1.1957
Creswell, J. . (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications. Retrieved from https://edge.sagepub.com/creswellrd6e
Cross, C. (2015). No laughing matter: Blaming the victim of online fraud. International Review of Victimology, 21(2), 187–204. doi: 10.1177/0269758015571471
Demetis, D. S. (2009). Data growth, the new order of information manipulation and consequences for the AML/ATF domains. Journal of Money Laundering Control, 12(4), 353–370. doi: 10.1108/13685200910996056
Dinda, A. L. S. (2024). Efektivitas Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Kejahatan Siber di Indonesia. AL-DALIL: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik, Dan Hukum /, 2(2).
Holt, T., Bossler, A., & Seigfried-Spellar, K. (2015). Cybercrime and Digital Forensics: An Introduction. London: Routledge. doi: 10.4324/9781315296975
Kshetri, N. (2010). Diffusion and Effects of Cyber-Crime in Developing Economies. Third World Quarterly, 31(7), 1057–1079. doi: 10.1080/01436597.2010.518752
Leukfeldt, E. R., Lavorgna, A., & Kleemans, E. R. (2017). Organised Cybercrime or Cybercrime that is Organised? An Assessment of the Conceptualisation of Financial Cybercrime as Organised Crime. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 23(3), 287–300. doi: 10.1007/s10610-016-9332-z
Manurung, E. H., & Heliany, I. (2019). Peran Hukum Dan Tantangan Penegak Hukum Dalam Menghadapi Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Jurnal Penelitian Hukum, 1(2), 128–135.
Nokhbeh Zaeem, R., Manoharan, M., Yang, Y., & Barber, K. S. (2017). Modeling and analysis of identity threat behaviors through text mining of identity theft stories. Computers & Security, 65, 50–63. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2016.11.002
Reurink, A. (2018). Financial Fraud: A Literature Review. Journal of Economic Surveys, 32(5), 1292–1325. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12294
Saputra, A. E., Romdony, M., & Hafizah, A. (2024). Pandangan Mahasiswa Mahasiswi IAIN Terhadap Negara Hukum Dan Penegakan Hukum Di Indonesia. JURNAL HUKUM, POLITIK DAN ILMU SOSIAL, 3(3).
Simbolon, M. M., Kesuma, I. G. K. W., & Wibowo, A. E. (2021). Kejahatan Siber pada Penyelenggaraan Perdagangan Berbasis Sistem Elektronik Dalam langkah Pengamanan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Digital Indonesia. Defendonesia, 5(1), 1–12. doi: 10.54755/defendonesia.v5i1.98
Susetyo, D. P., & Firmansyah, D. (2023). Literasi Ekonomi, Literasi Keuangan, Literasi Digital dan Perilaku Keuangan di Era Ekonomi Digital. Economics and Digital Business Review, 4(1), 261–279.
Tang, J., & Ai, L. (2016). New Technologies and Money Laundering Vulnerabilities. In M. Dion, D. Weisstub, & J.-L. Richet (Eds.), Financial Crimes: Psychological, Technological, and Ethical Issues (pp. 349–370). Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-32419-7_17
Yang, Y. (2025). The development of digital finance and the crime rate of theft. Finance Research Letters, 71, 106422. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2024.106422
