Al-Qisthu: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu-Ilmu Hukum

Beyond Charity: The Transformative Role of Social Fiqh in Advancing Substantive Rights for Persons with Disabilities

Akhmad Jalaludin, Agung Barok Pratama, Anindya Aryu Inayati — Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

People with disabilities still do not get the same opportunities and special treatment according to the conditions experienced. Although the state guarantees equal rights for all citizens, its implementation for persons with disabilities is still not optimal, creating a gap between normative regulations and social reality. This research aims to analyze the issue through the perspective of social fiqh, which is the paradigm of Islamic law that emphasizes justice, empathy, and social inclusion, using a qualitative approach with a literature study design. Data was collected from academic works, official documents, and relevant policies, then analyzed by content analysis techniques through the systematic review method. The focus of the analysis is directed at mapping the principles of social fiqh that can be operationalized in answering the problem of marginalization of persons with disabilities. The results of the study show that the six main principles of social fiqh, namely al-'adālah (justice), at-tawādhu' (empathy), al-muwāsathah (social inclusion), ihyā' al-maṣāliḥ (empowerment), ḥifẓ al-nafs (care of the soul and mental health), and ta'līm wa tasyjīr (education and opportunity), not only provides theological legitimacy for the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities, but can also be used as a practical framework to encourage inclusive policies, economic empowerment, and adaptive access to education. The findings of this research can be an input for the government as a policy maker to formulate regulations that are more equitable for people with disabilities so that they can fulfill their social rights. In addition, it can be an input to the general public to be fair, empathetic and provide opportunities for socialization for people with disabilities so that they get equality and treatment as their conditions.

Diskursus Childfree di Media Sosial: Analisis Implikasi Demografis, Hak Asasi Manusia, dan Maqashid Syariah

Khusnul Khatimah, Ibnu Elmi A.S. Pelu, Maimunah Maimunah, Anas Maulana — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Social media platforms have become places where various individuals express their views on current issues. The Childfree phenomenon has become a widely discussed topic on social media, especially in Indonesia, along with the increasing number of individuals choosing not to have children after marriage. On one hand, the decision to adopt a Childfree lifestyle reflects individual freedom in determining the direction of one's life, which is part of human rights. However, on the other hand, the decision to adopt a Childfree lifestyle has garnered both support and opposition within society, especially in the context of cultural, religious, and demographic values. This phenomenon is rapidly developing with the support of globalization and easy access to information, which allows for an increasingly open discourse on individual freedom in making life choices. This research aims to analyze the childfree phenomenon on social media from the perspective of a demographic threat, human rights perspective, and maqashid sharia. This research uses qualitative methods, with interview techniques involving informants from various backgrounds, including religious figures, medical personnel, and academics in the city of Palangka Raya. The research results indicate that there are significant differences in perspectives on this phenomenon.From a religious perspective, being childfree is viewed as contrary to the principles of maqashid sharia, especially in the aspect of hifz nasl (preservation of lineage). Meanwhile, from a medical perspective, the decision not to have children is associated with certain health risks for women.

Kewenangan Presiden dalam Pemberian Abolisi Korupsi : Analisis Konvensi Ketatanegaraan dan Siyasah Iddariyah

Lia Rahmawati Lia — Fri, 12 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kewenangan Presiden dalam pemberian abolisi terhadap pelaku tindak pidana korupsi melalui studi kasus Keputusan Presiden Nomor 18 Tahun 2025 tentang pemberian abolisi kepada Tom Lembong. Fokus kajian diarahkan pada penerapan teori Konvensi Ketatanegaraan dan Siyasah Iddariyah sebagai dasar analisis hukum dan moralitas kekuasaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah kualitatif-deskriptif dengan strategi studi kasus, melalui penelusuran dokumen hukum, putusan pengadilan, serta referensi ilmiah yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Pasal 14 ayat (2) UUD 1945 yang mengatur pemberian abolisi dengan pertimbangan DPR belum sepenuhnya mencerminkan prinsip konvensi ketatanegaraan yang sehat. Pertimbangan DPR cenderung bersifat politis daripada yuridis, sehingga melemahkan fungsi check and balance dalam sistem presidensial. Dari perspektif Siyasah Iddariyah, kebijakan abolisi tersebut juga tidak sejalan dengan prinsip maslahah ‘ammah dan amanah, karena lebih mengutamakan kepentingan politik dibandingkan keadilan dan kemaslahatan publik. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya penguatan akuntabilitas publik dan moralitas kekuasaan dalam pelaksanaan kewenangan Presiden agar praktik ketatanegaraan di Indonesia tetap berada dalam koridor konstitusional dan etika pemerintahan Islam.

Kata Kunci: Abolisi, Presiden, Korupsi, Konvensi Ketatanegaraan, Siyasah Iddariyah, Check and Balance