Dampak Perilaku Merokok di Kalangan Siswa: Studi Kasus pada Salah Satu Madrasah Tsanawiyah Tarbiyah Islamiyah
Abstract Smoking behavior is one of the negative behaviors exhibited by high school students, with previous studies indicating a high prevalence of this behavior. This study aims to analyze the impact of smoking behavior among students and to identify the efforts made by the school to address student smoking. The researcher employed a qualitative case study approach, involving nine informants: seven students, one homeroom teacher, and one deputy head of student affairs. The research was conducted at one of the Tarbiyah Islamiyah Madrasah in a rural area. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The data analysis technique used was the Miles & Huberman interactive model, including a process for checking data validity. The research findings are as follows: (1) The impact of smoking behavior on students is significant in terms of health, with frequent coughing, fatigue, drowsiness during lessons, headaches, sore throats, hoarseness, frequent nausea, and weight loss reported. Academically, smoking behavior leads to decreased concentration and lower academic achievement. (2) Efforts to address this behavior include collaboration between the homeroom teacher and the deputy head of student affairs, who work together to prevent students from leaving the school premises and impose sanctions on smoking students, such as fines, memorization of Qur’an verses, and warning points. If a student accumulates 100 points, they are expelled. This finding underscores the importance of preventive counseling services in schools. Counselors can design a smoking behavior prevention program that includes regular counseling on the negative impacts of smoking on health, academics, and social life.
Downloads
References
Ahluwalia, I. B., Wilson, K., & Gorzkowski, J. (2020). Protecting Youth From Tobacco Around the Globe: Evidence to Practice. Pediatrics, 146(4), e20201585. doi: 10.1542/peds.2020-1585
Alasqah, I., Mahmud, I., East, L., & Usher, K. (2019). A systematic review of the prevalence and risk factors of smoking among Saudi adolescents. Saudi Medical Journal, 40(9), 867–878. doi: 10.15537/smj.2019.9.24477
Alqahtani, J. S., Aldhahir, A. M., Alanazi, Z., Alsulami, E. Z., Alsulaimani, M. A., Alqarni, A. A., … AlAhmari, M. D. (2023). Impact of Smoking Status and Nicotine Dependence on Academic Performance of Health Sciences Students. Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation, 14, 13–24. doi: 10.2147/SAR.S393062
Busch, V., Loyen, A., Lodder, M., Schrijvers, A. J. P., van Yperen, T. A., & de Leeuw, J. R. J. (2014). The effects of adolescent health-related behavior on academic performance: A systematic review of the longitudinal evidence. Review of Educational Research, Vol. 84, pp. 245–274. Busch, Vincent: University Medical Center Utrecht, Room Str. 5.121, Universiteitsweg 100, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3508 GA, v.busch@umcutrecht.nl: Sage Publications. doi: 10.3102/0034654313518441
Cao, S., Yang, C., Gan, Y., & Lu, Z. (2015). The Health Effects of Passive Smoking: An Overview of Systematic Reviews Based on Observational Epidemiological Evidence. PLOS ONE, 10(10), e0139907. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139907
Colyer-Patel, K., Kuhns, L., Weidema, A., Lesscher, H., & Cousijn, J. (2023). Age-dependent effects of tobacco smoke and nicotine on cognition and the brain: A systematic review of the human and animal literature comparing adolescents and adults. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 146, 105038. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105038
Darden, M., Gilleskie, D. B., & Strumpf, K. (2018). Smoking and Mortality: New Evidence from a Long Panel. International Economic Review, 59(3), 1571–1619. doi: 10.1111/iere.12314
Erer Kafa, S., Ladik, M., Arı, F., Demirtaş, Ş., Özkaya, G., & Türkkan, A. (2023). Factors affecting academic achievement of third-year students of Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine. HEALTH SCIENCES QUARTERLY, 3, 177–186. doi: 10.26900/hsq.2007
Jayes, L., Haslam, P. L., Gratziou, C. G., Powell, P., Britton, J., Vardavas, C., … De Grada Orive, J. I. (2016). SmokeHaz: Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of the Effects of Smoking on Respiratory Health. Chest, 150(1), 164–179. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2016.03.060
Jufri, I. H., Zainuddin, K., & Kusuma, P. (2023). Pengaruh Konformitas Teman Sebaya Dan Kontrol Diri Terhadap Perilaku Merokok Pada Siswa SMP “X” Makassar. PESHUM : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial Dan Humaniora, 2(6), 1164–1183. doi: 10.56799/peshum.v2i6.2392
Kaastrup, K., & Grønbæk, K. (2021). The Impact of Sedentary Lifestyle, High-fat Diet, Tobacco Smoke, and Alcohol Intake on the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches. HemaSphere, 5(8). Retrieved from https://journals.lww.com/hemasphere/fulltext/2021/08000/the_impact_of_sedentary_lifestyle,_high_fat_diet,.8.aspx
Kinnunen, J. M., Lindfors, P., Rimpelä, A., Salmela-Aro, K., Rathmann, K., Perelman, J., … Lorant, V. (2016). Academic well-being and smoking among 14- to 17-year-old schoolchildren in six European cities. Journal of Adolescence, 50, 56–64. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.04.007
Leite, F. R. M., Nascimento, G. G., Scheutz, F., & López, R. (2018). Effect of Smoking on Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-regression. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 54(6), 831–841. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2018.02.014
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook - Edition 3. California: SAGE Publications.
Nabila, N., & Yandri, H. (2024). Religiosity in the Coping Mechanisms of Bullied Students: A Case Report. Al-Musyrif: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam, 7(2), 137-149.
Prautami, E. S., & Rahayu, S. (2019). Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap dengan Perilaku Merokok pada Remaja di SMA PGRI 2 Palembang Tahun 2017. Nursing Inside Community, 1(1), 27–32. doi: 10.35892/nic.v1i1.10
Prayitno, P. (2004). Seri Layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling: Layanan L1-L9. Padang: Universitas Negeri Padang.
Putra, E., Sujadi, E., Bustami, Y., & Indra, S. (2022). The Effect of Social Support and Emotional Intelligence on Culture Shock of the Newcomer Students: the Mediating Role of Resilience. ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling Islam), 5(2), 66–79. doi: 10.32505/enlighten.v5i2.4820
Rahmawati, E., & Hasanah, U. . (2021). Pemberian Sanksi (Hukuman) Terhadap Siswa Terlambat Masuk Sekolah SebagaiUpaya Pembentukan Karakter Disiplin. Indonesian Journal of Teacher Education, 2(1), 236–245.
Rozi, S., Akhtar, S., Ali, S., & Khan, J. (2005). Prevalence and factors associated with current smoking among high school adolescents in Karachi, Pakistan. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 36(2), 498–504.
Sari, I. P. T. P. (2013). Pendidikan Kesehatan Sekolah Sebagai Proses Perubahan Perilaku Siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Indonesia, 9(2), 141–147. Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=5aC5EAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=bank+sampah+sekolah+pengelolaan+sampah+sekolah+sampah+non+organik+sekolah&ots=BnzzbeGjtU&sig=-qyRm1Bt4RElOpnl6FOxHlwh5sA
Seo, D.-C., Macy, J. T., Torabi, M. R., & Middlestadt, S. E. (2011). The effect of a smoke-free campus policy on college students’ smoking behaviors and attitudes. Preventive Medicine, 53(4), 347–352. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.07.015
Sharma, A. J., Addo, O. Y., Mei, Z., & Suchdev, P. S. (2019). Reexamination of hemoglobin adjustments to define anemia: altitude and smoking. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1450(1), 190–203. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14167
Sheng Xiong, P., Juan Xiong, M., Xi Liu, Z., & Liu, Y. (2020). Prevalence of smoking among adolescents in China: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health, 182, 26–31. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.01.011
Suarja, S., Juliawati, D., Yandri, H., Rasmita, R., & Saputra, R. (2023). Drug Abuse In The Perspective of Understanding Students In Junior High School. Wahana Didaktika: Jurnal Ilmu Kependidikan, 21(2), 464-471.
Somantri, U. (2020). Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan, Jenis Kelamin dan Persepsi Gambar Kemasan Rokok Dengan Perilaku Merokok. Jurnal Kesehatan, 11, 1454–1461. doi: 10.38165/jk.v11i1.200
Tobore, T. O. (2019). On the potential harmful effects of E-Cigarettes (EC) on the developing brain: The relationship between vaping-induced oxidative stress and adolescent/young adults social maladjustment. Journal of Adolescence, 76, 202–209. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.09.004
Waziry, R., Jawad, M., Ballout, R. A., Al Akel, M., & Akl, E. A. (2017). The effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking on health outcomes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Epidemiology, 46(1), 32–43. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyw021
Wibowo, F. A. (2018). Pengaruh Konformitas Teman Sebaya dan Kontrol Diri Terhadap Perilaku Merokok. Psikoborneo: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 6(4), 542–551. doi: 10.30872/psikoborneo.v6i4.4678
Yandri, H. (2016). Penerapan Sugesti pada Layanan Konseling Perorangan dalam Mengurangi Perilaku Merokok pada Siswa Di Sekolah. Tarbawi: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 1(2).
Yoo, J. E., Han, K., Shin, D. W., Jung, W., Kim, D., Lee, C. M., … Song, Y.-M. (2022). Effect of smoking reduction, cessation, and resumption on cancer risk: A nationwide cohort study. Cancer, 128(11), 2126–2137. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.34172
Copyright (c) 2024 Bayu Mandala Putra, Widya Kartika Sari, Winda Ade Ariani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.