Pendekatan Dakwah Wasathiyyah Ulama Pada Perang Aceh (1873-1914)

Abstract

The Aceh war began in 1873 and was concluded in 1904. Even though the Aceh Sultanate has surrendered, the war kept going until 1914. The Aceh war can be considered as the longest war in Nusantara (Indonesia). Dakwa played an important role during the period of Aceh war, in which the ulama were the key figures in generating enthusiasm of the Holy war against the Dutch colonization. Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe the approach of Dakwa Wasatiyyah used by the Acehnese Ulama during the period of war against the Dutch colonial regime. This research used qualitative descriptive method with historical approach. The data were collected from books, journals, the manuscript of Hikayat of Aceh Holy War, and other documents. The result of this study revealed that Acehnese Ulama employed the dakwa approach of al-hikmah within the framework of Islam wasatiyyah (moderate Islam) by; tawasut, tasamuh, syura, islah, qudwah, and muwathanah. The spirit and values served as critics towards the Dutch colonization in Aceh. The Aceh war has become the historical evidence in which the approach of dakwa wasatiyyah performed by Acehnese Ulama has successfully defend the religion, nation and state from the Dutch colonization.