A Comparative Study of Education Equity Policy in Remote Areas in Indonesia and Malaysia

Authors

  • Supianto Supianto Universitas Sebelas Maret
  • Sri Marmoah Universitas Sebelas Maret
  • Jenny Indrastoeti Siti Poerwanti Universitas Sebelas Maret
  • Siti Istiyati Universitas Sebelas Maret
  • Hasan Mahfud Universitas Sebelas Maret
  • Sukarno Sukarno Universitas Sebelas Maret

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32939/tarbawi.v19i2.2866

Keywords:

Education Equity, Indonesia and Malaysia, Public Policy, Remote Areas, South-East Asian Study

Abstract

This research aims to compare the education equity policies in remote areas of Indonesia and Malaysia to identify the differences, similarities, and effectiveness in addressing socioeconomic disparities between urban and remote regions. The study examines policy documents, government reports, and previous research using a qualitative comparative approach. Indonesia employs a regional autonomy approach, while Malaysia adheres to a centralized system in education policy. Both countries have adopted financial assistance programs to increase the participation of students from low-income families in remote areas. Critical challenges in policy implementation include limited facilities and infrastructure, demanding access to transportation, limited human resources, and sociocultural barriers. The study finds that policy successes are evident in increased student participation, improved infrastructure accessibility, provision of teaching staff, and community support. However, budget constraints and human resource limitations remain significant obstacles. The research concludes that effective education equity policies require proactive government involvement, active community participation, and periodic monitoring and evaluation to enhance policy effectiveness.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Afiefa, N. K., & Ahmad, M. (2023). Kartu Indonesia Pintar (KIP) Scholarship: Target Reached or Missed? Edunesia: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 4(3), 1316–1331. https://doi.org/10.51276/edu.v4i3.505

Agus, A., Hakim, L., Mahsyar, A., & Fatmawati. (2024). Education Policy on Operational Assistance Management at the Local Level : A Challenge and Recommendations. 6(2), 121–133. https://doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v6i2.1116

Ardi, M., Bambang, S., & Nora, M. (2008). Revitalizing Rural Schools : A Challenge for. Educational Issues, Research and Policies, May 2014, 171–188. http://malrep.uum.edu.my/rep/Record/my.utm.27806

Arianto, A. N., Edy, Y., & Firmansyah. (2018). Budget Policy to Eradicate Education Inequality in Indonesia. E3S Web of Conferences, 73, 2005–2008. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187309004

Ata, A., Yuwono, J., Purwana, R., & Nomura, S. (2021). Embracing diversity and inclusion in Indonesian schools: Challenges and policy options for the future of inclusive education. In The World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/36533

Erdayani, R., Afandi, M., & Afandi, S. A. (2023). Indonesian Education Autonomy: A Bibliographic Study. Indo-MathEdu Intellectuals Journal, 4(2), 369–383. https://doi.org/10.54373/imeij.v4i2.179

Febriana, M., Nurkamto, J., Rochsantiningsih, D., & Muhtia, A. (2018). Teaching in Rural Indonesian Schools: Teachers’ Challenges. International Journal of Language Teaching and Education, 2(2), 87–96. https://doi.org/10.22437/ijolte.v2i2.5002

Karolina, V., Buwono, S., Aminuyati, A., Wiyono, H., & Queiroz, C. (2021). Equality and Equity in Indonesian Education: The Consequences of Decentralization. International Journal Of Community Service, 1(3), 272–285. https://doi.org/10.51601/ijcs.v1i3.47

Larasati, S., & Mighwar, M. Al. (2023). History of the Development of Education in Indonesia. HISTORICAL: Journal of History and Social Sciences, 2(3), 142–150. https://doi.org/10.58355/historical.v2i3.85

Lee, H. Y., & Samuel, M. (2019). Policies and Practices Governing Disability in Malaysia’s Higher Education: A Comparison with England and Australia. Journal of International and Comparative Education, 8(2), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.14425/jice.2019.8.2.85

Mashur, M. (2023). Improving Access To Higher Education for Low-Income High School Students Through Pip and Student’S Mentorship: Scholarship Awardee Experiences in Lombok. NUSRA: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 4(2), 178–193. https://doi.org/10.55681/nusra.v4i2.804

Mitchell, R., Hampton, P., & Mambwe, R. (2022). Teacher Futures: Global Reaction to Teacher Shortages in Rural Locations. IAFOR Journal of Education, 10(3), 9–30. https://doi.org/10.22492/ije.10.3.01

MOE. (2013). Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013-2025: Preschool To Post-Secondary Education. https://www.ptonline.com/articles/how-to-get-better-mfi-results

Muttaqin, T. (2018). Determinants of Unequal Access to and Quality of Education in Indonesia. Jurnal Perencanaan Pembangunan: The Indonesian Journal of Development Planning, 2(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.36574/jpp.v2i1.27

Ninghardjanti, P., Murtini, W., Hindrayani, A., & Sangka, K. B. (2023). Evaluation of the Smart Indonesia Program as a Policy to Improve Equality in Education. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(6), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065114

Ningsih, A. R., Mentari, S., Julyanto, R., & Safrudin, S. (2022). The Development of Educational Human Resources through Indonesia’s Education System. Interdisciplinary Social Studies, 1(4), 334–345. https://doi.org/10.55324/iss.v1i4.70

Nirzam, M., & Ramadhan, P. (2023). The Role of SDG 4: Quality Education on the Internationalization of Indonesia’s Education. Hasanuddin Journal of Strategic and International Studies (HJSIS), 1(2), 39–51. https://doi.org/10.20956/hjsis.v1i2.27442

Nugroho, H. S., & Fimmastuti, D. R. (2020). Elite and Empowerment of Local Communities: The Dilemma Between Participation and Mobilization in The Era of Democracy. Journal of Governance, 5(2), 249–265. http://doi.org/10.31506/jog.v5i2.8971

OECD. (2012). Equity and Quality in Education. In Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning Conference, CSCL. OECD Publishing. http://doi.org/10.1787/9789264130852-en

Pereira, J. D. (2016). Equity , Access and Educational Quality in Three South-East. THF Literature Review, July, 1–24. https://headfoundation.org/

Priatama, R. A., Rustiadi, E., Widiatmaka, & Pravitasari, A. E. (2022). Physical Geographical Factors Leading to the Disparity of Regional Development: The Case Study of Java Island. Indonesian Journal of Geography, 54(2), 195–205. https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.66729

Rashid, S. M. R., & Samat, N. (2018). Effectiveness of Microcredit Programme in Poverty Alleviation Towards Achieving Sustainability Development Goals in Malaysia. International Conference on Sustainability, Humanities and Civilization (ICSHAC 2018), 112–120. https://humanities.usm.my/

Reza, M. I. H. (2016). Sustainability in higher education: Perspectives of Malaysian higher education system. SAGE Open, 6(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244016665890

Romlah, S., Imron, A., Maisyaroh, Sunandar, A., & Dami, Z. A. (2023). A free education policy in Indonesia for equitable access and improvement of the quality of learning. Cogent Education, 10(2), 2245734. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2245734

Salleh, R., & Woollard, J. (2019). Inclusive education: Equality and equity (Teachers’ views about inclusive education in Malaysia’s primary schools). Jurnal Pendidikan Bitara UPSI, 12(February), 72–83. https://ejournal.upsi.edu.my/index.php/JPB/article/view/3070

Sawalludin, A. F., Min, C. L. J., & Ishar, M. I. M. (2020). The Struggle of Orang Asli in Education: Quality of Education. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 5(1), 46–51. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v5i1.346

Shaeffer, S. (2019). Inclusive education: a prerequisite for equity and social justice. Asia Pacific Education Review, 20, 181–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-019-09598-w

Sulasmi, E., Prasetia, I., & Rahman, A. A. (2023). Government Policy Regarding Education Budget on The Posture of The State Budget (APBN). Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 6(1), 142–151. https://doi.org/10.23887/jlls.v6i1.60171

Suraharta, I. M. (2021). Road Infrastructure Inequality and Dropout Rates in Isolated Areas: Tracking the Indonesian Literature. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 13(3), 2898–2907. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v13i3.1445

Symaco, L. P. (2014). Perspectives on Practice and Policy (Issue June). http://educateachild.org/sites/default/files/attachments/LEBANON.pdf

Thamrin, H. (2020). Educational Aspects in Efforts to Realize SDGs in Indonesia. Journal of Advances in Education and Philosophy, 4(11), 473–477. https://doi.org/10.36348/jaep.2020.v04i11.007

Downloads

Published

2023-12-30

Issue

Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): Tarbawi : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Supianto Supianto, Sri Marmoah, Jenny Indrastoeti Siti Poerwanti, Siti Istiyati, Hasan Mahfud, Sukarno Sukarno

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.